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Reporting results from whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing in clinical practice: a proposal for Canada?
  1. Ma'n H Zawati1,
  2. David Parry1,
  3. Adrian Thorogood1,
  4. Minh Thu Nguyen1,
  5. Kym M Boycott2,
  6. David Rosenblatt3,
  7. Bartha Maria Knoppers1
  1. 1Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
  2. 2Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
  3. 3Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
  1. Correspondence to Ma'n H Zawati, Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University, 740 Dr Penfield Ave., Suite 5200, Montreal, Quebec, Canada QC H3A 0G1; man.zawati{at}mcgill.ca

Abstract

Purpose This article proposes recommendations for the use of whole-genome and whole-exome (WGS/WES) sequencing in clinical practice, endorsed by the board of directors of the Canadian College of Medical Geneticists. The publication of statements and recommendations by several international and national organisations on clinical WGS/WES has prompted a need for Canadian-specific guidance.

Methods A multi-disciplinary group consisting of lawyers, ethicists, genetic researchers, and clinical geneticists was assembled to review existing guidelines on WGS/WES and identify provisions relevant to the Canadian context.

Results Definitions were provided to orient the recommendations and to minimize confusion with other recommendations. Recommendations include the following: WGS/WES should be used in a judicious and cost-efficient manner; WGS/WES should be used to answer a clinical question; and physicians need to explain to adult patients the nature of the results that could arise, so as to allow them to make informed choices over whether to take the test and which results they wish to receive. Recommendations are also provided for WGS/WES in the pediatric context, and for when results implicate patients' family members.

Conclusion These recommendations are only a proposal to be developed into comprehensive Canadian-based guidelines. They aim to promote discussion about the reporting of WGS/WES results, and to encourage the ethical implementation of these new technologies in the clinical setting.

  • Return of Results
  • Whole-Genome Sequencing
  • Professional Responsibility
  • Practice Guidelines
  • Canadian Healthcare System

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