A hypothetical construct of “cognitive reserve” is widely used to explain how, in the face of
neurodegenerative changes that are similar in nature and extent, individuals vary …

Background Cognitive ageing is a major burden for society and a major influence in
lowering people's independence and quality of life. It is the most feared aspect of ageing …

Substantial progress has been made in the understanding of the neurobiology of dementias,
but comprehensive causal models are not available. Genetic and environmental factors …

Abstract The Scottish Mental Surveys of 1932 and 1947 collected valid IQ-type test scores
for almost everyone born in 1921 and 1936 and attending school on June 1, 1932 (N …

General intelligence is an important human quantitative trait that accounts for much of the
variation in diverse cognitive abilities. Individual differences in intelligence are strongly …

All Scottish children born in 1921 and attending school on June 1, 1932 (N= 87,498)
undertook a validated test of psychometric intelligence, The Moray House Test. We followed …

Objectives: To test the association between childhood IQ and mortality over the normal
human lifespan. Design: Longitudinal cohort study. Setting: Aberdeen. Subjects: All 2792 …

The cerebral reserve hypothesis is a heuristic concept used to explain apparent protection
from the onset of cerebral disease and/or cognitive decline in old age. A significant obstacle …

There is a marked variation in whether people retain sufficient cognitive function to maintain
their quality of life and independence in old age, even among those without dementia, so it …

Understanding the determinants of healthy mental ageing is a priority for society today,. So
far, we know that intelligence differences show high stability from childhood to old age, and …