Screening for delayed-onset hearing loss in preschool children who previously passed the newborn hearing screening

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2011 Aug;75(8):1045-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2011.05.022. Epub 2011 Jun 25.

Abstract

Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence of delayed-onset hearing loss in preschool children who previously passed newborn hearing screening in Shanghai, China.

Methods: Between October 2009 and September 2010, 21,427 preschool children were enrolled from five areas of Shanghai, who had passed newborn hearing screening. Children were screened for delayed-onset hearing loss with pediatric audiometers. Children with positive results in initial and re-screening tests were assessed audiologically and for risk indicators according to the Year 2007 Statement of the American Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH).

Results: During the study period, 445 children (2.08%) were referred for audiologic assessment; 16 (0.75/1000, 95% CI 0.38-1.12) had permanent delayed-onset hearing loss. Of these, five (0.23/1000) had bilateral moderate hearing loss; seven (0.33/1000) had mild bilateral hearing loss; and four (0.19/1000) had unilateral moderate or mild hearing loss. JCIH risk indicators were established for six children (6/16, 37.5%), including parental concern regarding speech and language developmental delay, neonatal intensive care unit with assisted ventilation or hyperbilirubinemia, recurrent otitis media with effusion, craniofacial malformation, and family history (n=1 for each). The remaining ten (62.5%) had no related risk factors.

Conclusions: A significant proportion of preschool children have undiagnosed delayed-onset hearing loss. Hearing screening in preschool is recommended for an early detection.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Age Distribution
  • Age of Onset
  • Audiometry / methods
  • Child, Preschool
  • China / epidemiology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Confidence Intervals
  • Early Diagnosis
  • Female
  • Hearing Loss / congenital
  • Hearing Loss / diagnosis*
  • Hearing Loss / epidemiology*
  • Hearing Tests / methods
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Neonatal Screening / organization & administration*
  • Prevalence
  • Program Evaluation
  • Reference Values
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sex Distribution
  • Time Factors