Abstract
Neurons have extensive processes and communication between those processes and the cell body is crucial to neuronal function and survival. Thus, neurons are uniquely dependent on microtubule based transport. Growing evidence supports the idea that deficits in axonal transport contribute to pathogenesis in multiple neurodegenerative diseases. We describe the motor, cytoskeletal, and adaptor proteins involved in axonal transport and their interactions. Data linking disruption of axonal transport to diseases such as ALS are discussed. Finally, we explore the pathways that may cause neuronal dysfunction and death.
MeSH terms
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / genetics
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / metabolism*
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / pathology
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Animals
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Axonal Transport / genetics*
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Cytoskeleton / genetics
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Cytoskeleton / metabolism
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Dynactin Complex
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Dyneins / metabolism
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Humans
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Intermediate Filaments / metabolism
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Kinesins / metabolism
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Mice
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins / metabolism
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Mitochondria / metabolism
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Models, Immunological
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Motor Neurons / metabolism*
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Nerve Degeneration / genetics*
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Neurodegenerative Diseases / genetics
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Neurodegenerative Diseases / metabolism*
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Neurodegenerative Diseases / pathology
Substances
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Dynactin Complex
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins
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Dyneins
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Kinesins