MAP kinase-mediated signalling to nucleosomes and immediate-early gene induction

Semin Cell Dev Biol. 1999 Apr;10(2):205-14. doi: 10.1006/scdb.1999.0302.

Abstract

Extracellular signals are transduced into the nucleus through a variety of signalling mechanisms to elicit changes in patterns of gene expression. This review is focused in the MAP kinase cascades and the part they play in the induction of the immediate-early (IE) genes. We discuss the MAP kinases and their downstream effectors that are known to phosphorylate substrates in the nucleus. In addition to phosphorylating specific transcription factors, MAP kinases and their downstream kinases are implicated in eliciting rapidly targeted alterations in the chromatin environment of specific genes by modulating the phosphorylation and/or acetylation of nucleosomal and chromatin proteins.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acetylation
  • Acetyltransferases / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / physiology*
  • Gene Expression Regulation / physiology*
  • Genes, Immediate-Early*
  • Genes, fos
  • Genes, jun
  • High Mobility Group Proteins / physiology
  • Histone Acetyltransferases
  • Histones / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Immediate-Early Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Immediate-Early Proteins / physiology*
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Nucleosomes / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / physiology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / biosynthesis
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / physiology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / biosynthesis
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / physiology
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology*
  • Transcriptional Activation

Substances

  • High Mobility Group Proteins
  • Histones
  • Immediate-Early Proteins
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Nucleosomes
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • Ser 6-phosphorylated high mobility group 14
  • Acetyltransferases
  • Histone Acetyltransferases
  • MAP-kinase-activated kinase 2
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
  • calcium-calmodulin-activated histone 3 arginine kinase