Original ArticleX-Monosomy Effects on Visuospatial Attention in Mice: A Candidate Gene and Implications for Turner Syndrome and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Section snippets
Subjects
All experimental groups were generated on a random-bred MF1 albino strain background at the National Institute for Medical Research, United Kingdom, in pathogen-free isolators. Thirty-nine,XpO mice were generated from two subtly different crosses, based on a cross described previously (Evans and Phillips 1975): 40,In(X)1H/XPaf x 40,XY and 40,In(X)1HPaf/X x 40,XY, where In(X)1H represents a large chromosomal inversion and Paf is a small inversion that spans the pseudoautosomal boundary (Korobova
Comparison of 39,XpO and 39,XmO Mice Revealed No X-Linked Parent-of-Origin Effects on Behavior
As there were no significant differences between 39,XpO and 39,XmO mice on any behavioral measure (Supplementary Table 1), in all further analysis the two groups were pooled to form a single 39,XO group for comparison with 40,XX mice.
Equivalent Learning and Baseline Performance of the 5-CSRTT in 40,XX and 39,XO Mice
Initial learning of the task was equivalent in 40,XX and 39,XO mice indicating no effects on the basic ability to perform the task. Both groups of mice achieved high levels of accurate and rapid responding during training, taking an equivalent number of training
Discussion
We have shown, using a 39,XO mouse model, that the lack of an X chromosome is associated with specific deficits of discriminative response accuracy and reaction time in a continuous performance task, the 5-CSRTT. The behavioral differences most likely reflect effects on underlying attentional processes as they were emphasized under attentionally demanding task conditions and were alleviated using a task configuration with lower attentional demands (1-CSRTT). The X-monosomy effects, therefore,
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