Table 1

Summarised view of clinical features in our cohort as well as in the previously published reports

Our patientsPrevious reports1–4 Total
Gender22 M/23 F (0.96)12 M/9 F/9 NR1.06
Inheritance3 dn/31 inherited
20 mat/11 pat
2 dn/18 inherited
15 mat/3 pat
89.8% inherited
(71.4% mat, 28.6% pat)
Parent’s phenotype when inherited7 affected/16 unaffected/7 NR3 affected/3 unaffected/10 NR10 affected/19 unaffected/17 NR
Perinatal data
 Hypotonia5/21 (24%)0/105/31 (16%)
 Feeding difficulties5/17 (29%)1/16/18 (33%)
Neurodevelopmental features
 Motor delay19/39 (49%)5/1424/53 (45%)
 Speech delay35/40 (88%)14/2051/62 (82%)
 Learning disabilities/ID30/35 (86%)14/1744/52 (85%)
 ASD24/36 (67%)14/2138/57 (67%)
 Seizures10/29 (34%)1/1111/40 (28%)
Malformations
 Abnormal brain MRI7/24 (29%)
(3 cases of myelination delay)
1/98/33 (24%)
 Cardiac malfomations4/15 (27%)2/116/26 (23%)
  • ASD, autism spectrum disorder; dn, de novo; ID, intellectual deficiency; mat, maternally inherited;  NR, not reported; pat, paternally inherited.