Table 3 Scores for pre-test outcome and post-test outcome variables in testing groups comparing direct-contact and family-mediated approaches

Variable STAI (20–80)*	DCA, n = 73, mean (SD)	FMA, n = 299, mean (SD)	p Value†
Baseline	33.0 (9.3)	31.4 (7.6)	0.34
1–month follow-up	32.9 (9.2)	30.6 (7.4)
Fear of cancer (0–4)*	n = 70	n = 298
Baseline	1.0 (1.0)	0.9 (1.0)	0.28
1–month follow-up	1.0 (0.9)	0.7 (0.9)
Fear of death (0–4)*	n = 71	n = 297
Baseline	0.9 (0.9)	0.9 (0.9)	0.85
1–month follow-up	0.8 (0.9)	0.7 (0.9)
Fear of dying soon (0–4)*	n = 71	n = 296
Baseline	0.5 (0.7)	0.3 (0.6)	0.18
1–month follow-up	0.6 (0.8)	0.3 (0.6)
Attitude to future (0–4)*	n = 72	n = 296
Baseline	2.7 (0.7)	2.6 (0.7)	<0.001
1–month follow-up	2.7 (0.7)	3.0 (0.6)
Satisfaction with life (0–4)*	n = 71	n = 296
Baseline	3.0 (0.8)	3.1 (0.7)	0.45
1–month follow-up	3.0 (0.8)	3.0 (0.6)

DCA, direct-contact approach, FMA, family-mediated approach; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.
*Scale for original response alternatives (numbers in brackets are range of points).
†p Value for repeated-measures analysis of variance to test whether the change in dependent variable is different for DCA and FMA.