Syndactyly and other digital malformations
| Digital abnormality | Frequency | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Syndactyly - hands and feet (includes all limbs) | 37 (31.6%) | 4 (six cases),7,9,11 (two cases),12,15 (two cases),16 (three cases),17–19 (four cases),21,22,24,29,35–37,41,42,44 (two cases),47,51,53,54 |
| Syndactyly - hands only | 9 (7.7%) | 4,8,14,21,33,34,36 (two cases),40 |
| Syndactyly - feet only | 4 (3.4%) | 4,38,50 (two cases) |
| Bilateral syndactyly | 4 (3.4%) | 3, 27, 31, 39 |
| Syndactyly unstated | 18 (15.4%) | 4,5,20,28 (two cases),41,43,45 (seven cases),46,47,49,50 |
| Brachydactyly of first digit (includes short phalanges and metacarpals) | 8 (6.8%) | 14,16 (two cases),34,38,40,50,69 |
| Hypoplastic, dysplastic or poorly developed nails | 4 (3.4%) | 11, 16, 39, 51 |
| Single or abnormal palmar creases | 10 (8.5%) | 4 (two cases),14–16,36,41 (two cases),50,51 |
| Proximal thumbs | 3, 50 | |
| Polydactyly | 34, 35 | |
| Clinodactyly of the fifth digits | 16, 33 | |
| Camptodactyly | 50 | |
| Hyperextension of digits | 26 | |