Pattern of childhood medical problems by drug exposure
| AED | Myopia | Astigmatism | Strabismus | Hypermetropia | Any eye disorder | Joint laxity | Otitis media with effusion | Other (No of cases, nature of problem) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Significantly different from non-exposed group by Cox's proportional hazards regression (p<0.05). | ||||||||
| Carbamazepine | 3 (4.3%) | 2 (2.9%) | 2 (2.9%) | 6 (8.7%) | 12 (17%)* | 2 (2.9%) | 2, vesicoureteric reflux, plagiocephaly | |
| Phenobarbitone | 6 (9.8%) | 1 (1.6%) | 1 (1.6%) | 1 (1.6%) | 9 (15%) | 7 (12%) | 2, dental caries, lumbar skin striae | |
| Valproate | 0 | 1 (2.2%) | 1 (2.2%) | 1 (2.2%) | 3 (6.5%) | 12 (26%)* | 5 (10.8%) | 3, 1 dental caries, 2 inguinal hernias (preschool) |
| Phenytoin | 3 (12.5%) | 1 (4.2%) | 4 (17%) | 3 (13%) | 1 premature thelarche | |||
| Ethosuximide | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Gabapentin | ||||||||
| Primidone | ||||||||
| Polytherapy | 13 (26%) | 3 (6%) | 2 (4%) | 3 (6%) | 17 (34%) | 10 (20%)* | 4 (8%) | 5, scoliosis, pectus carinatum, blocked tear ducts, joint dislocation, gastro-oesophageal reflux |
| Total | 26 (10%) | 5 (2%) | 8 (3.1%) | 7 (2.7%) | 46 (18%) | 44 (17%) | 11 (4.3%) | 13 (5.1%) |
| None | 3 (7.8%) | 3 (7.9%) | 6 (16%) | 2 (5.3%) | ||||