TY - JOUR T1 - Association between ARID2 and RAS-MAPK pathway in intellectual disability and short stature JF - Journal of Medical Genetics JO - J Med Genet SP - 767 LP - 777 DO - 10.1136/jmedgenet-2020-107111 VL - 58 IS - 11 AU - Eungu Kang AU - Minji Kang AU - Younghee Ju AU - Sang-Joon Lee AU - Yong-Seok Lee AU - Dong-Cheol Woo AU - Young Hoon Sung AU - In-Jeoung Baek AU - Woo Hyun Shim AU - Woo-Chan Son AU - In Hee Choi AU - Eul-Ju Seo AU - Han-Wook Yoo AU - Yong-Mahn Han AU - Beom Hee Lee Y1 - 2021/11/01 UR - http://jmg.bmj.com/content/58/11/767.abstract N2 - Background ARID2 belongs to the Switch/sucrose non-fermenting complex, in which the genetic defects have been found in patients with dysmorphism, short stature and intellectual disability (ID). As the phenotypes of patients with ARID2 mutations partially overlap with those of RASopathy, this study evaluated the biochemical association between ARID2 and RAS-MAPK pathway.Methods The phenotypes of 22 patients with either an ARID2 heterozygous mutation or haploinsufficiency were reviewed. Comprehensive molecular analyses were performed using somatic and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of a patient with ARID2 haploinsufficiency as well as using the mouse model of Arid2 haploinsufficiency by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing.Results The phenotypic characteristics of ARID2 deficiency include RASopathy, Coffin-Lowy syndrome or Coffin-Siris syndrome or undefined syndromic ID. Transient ARID2 knockout HeLa cells using an shRNA increased ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation. Impaired neuronal differentiation with enhanced RAS-MAPK activity was observed in patient-iPSCs. In addition, Arid2 haploinsufficient mice exhibited reduced body size and learning/memory deficit. ARID2 haploinsufficiency was associated with reduced IFITM1 expression, which interacts with caveolin-1 (CAV-1) and inhibits ERK activation.Discussion ARID2 haploinsufficiency is associated with enhanced RAS-MAPK activity, leading to reduced IFITM1 and CAV-1 expression, thereby increasing ERK activity. This altered interaction might lead to abnormal neuronal development and a short stature.All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information. ER -