RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Confirmation of mutations in PROSC as a novel cause of vitamin B 6 -dependent epilepsy JF Journal of Medical Genetics JO J Med Genet FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd SP 809 OP 814 DO 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104521 VO 54 IS 12 A1 Plecko, Barbara A1 Zweier, Markus A1 Begemann, Anaïs A1 Mathis, Deborah A1 Schmitt, Bernhard A1 Striano, Pasquale A1 Baethmann, Martina A1 Vari, Maria Stella A1 Beccaria, Francesca A1 Zara, Federico A1 Crowther, Lisa M A1 Joset, Pascal A1 Sticht, Heinrich A1 Papuc, Sorina Mihaela A1 Rauch, Anita YR 2017 UL http://jmg.bmj.com/content/54/12/809.abstract AB Vitamin-B6-dependent epilepsies are a heterogenous group of treatable disorders due to mutations in several genes (ALDH7A1, PNPO, ALPL or ALDH4A1). In neonatal seizures, defects in ALDH7A1 and PNPO explain a major fraction of cases. Very recently biallelic mutations in PROSC were shown to be a novel cause in five families. We identified four further unrelated patients harbouring a total of six different mutations, including four novel disease mutations. Vitamin B6 plasma profiles on pyridoxine did not enable the differentiation of patients with PROSC mutations. All four patients were normocephalic and had normal cranial imaging. Pyridoxine monotherapy allowed complete seizure control in one, while two patients had occasional febrile or afebrile seizures and one needed additional valproate therapy for photosensitive seizures. Two patients underwent a controlled pyridoxine withdrawal with signs of encephalopathy within a couple of days. Three had favourable outcome with normal intellectual properties at age 12.5, 15.5 and 30 years, respectively, while one child had marked developmental delay at age 27 months. The clinical and electroencephalographic phenotype in patients with PROSC mutations was indistinguishable from ALDH7A1 and PNPO deficiency. We therefore confirm PROSC as a novel gene for vitamin-B6-dependent epilepsy and delineate a non-specific plasma vitamin B6 profile under pyridoxine treatment.