@article {Su312, author = {Peiqiang Su and Hongke Ding and Dongsheng Huang and Yan Zhou and Weijun Huang and Liangying Zhong and Tim J Vyse and Yiming Wang}, title = {A 4.6 kb genomic duplication on 20p12.2{\textendash}12.3 is associated with brachydactyly type A2 in a Chinese family}, volume = {48}, number = {5}, pages = {312--316}, year = {2011}, doi = {10.1136/jmg.2010.084814}, publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group Ltd}, abstract = {Background Brachydactyly type A2 (BDA2) is an autosomal dominant disorder. It was recently reported that a 5.9 kb duplication and a 5.5 kb duplication in the region 20p12.2{\textendash}12.3 are associated with BDA2 in two European families.Objective To characterise a 6-generation Chinese family with 16 members affected by BDA2 and map the gene to 20p12.2{\textendash}12.3.Methods and results A 4.6 kb duplication downstream of the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) was identified in the family. The duplication co-segregated with the phenotype and was absent in unaffected family members and control subjects. Coding and splice-site mutations of all annotated genes in the critical region were also excluded. The duplication partially overlaps with the reported duplications but has a different breakpoint. The most conserved 2.1 kb fragment in the duplication was cloned into the pGL3-promoter vector downstream of the firefly luciferase reporter gene in the 5' to 3' orientation and transfected into osteosarcoma U-2OS and Hela cells. A reduced luciferase activity was observed.Conclusion The smallest duplication is described, which partially overlaps the reported duplications but has a different breakpoint, and its association with BDA2 in a Chinese family is confirmed. The results also provide evidence for cis-regulatory sequences in the duplication 3' of BMP2.}, issn = {0022-2593}, URL = {https://jmg.bmj.com/content/48/5/312}, eprint = {https://jmg.bmj.com/content/48/5/312.full.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medical Genetics} }