Footnotes

• Contributors Conception and design: TA, LR, KS and DC. Collection and assembly of data: TA, MF, LR, KS, LZ and DC. Data analysis and interpretation: TA, LR, KS and DC. Manuscript writing: TA, MF, LR, KS, LZ and DC.

• Funding This work was conducted with support from Harvard Catalyst | The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health Award UL1 TR001102) and financial contributions from Harvard University and its affiliated academic healthcare centres. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of Harvard Catalyst, Harvard University and its affiliated academic healthcare centres, or the National Institutes of Health. TA is a recipient of fellowship grants from the American Physicians Fellowship for Medicine in Israel, Israel Cancer Association and Israel Gastroenterology Association.

• Competing interests None declared.

• Patient consent for publication Not required.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.