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Methods
Review
Applications and advances of CRISPR-Cas9 in cancer immunotherapy
  1. An-Liang Xia1,2,
  2. Qi-Feng He1,2,
  3. Jin-Cheng Wang1,2,
  4. Jing Zhu3,
  5. Ye-Qin Sha3,
  6. Beicheng Sun2,
  7. Xiao-Jie Lu1
  1. 1 Department of General Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
  2. 2 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
  3. 3 Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
  1. Correspondence to Dr Xiao-Jie Lu, Department of General Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China; 189{at}whu.edu.cn

Abstract

Immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most promising therapeutic strategies in cancer. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system, as an RNA-guided genome editing technology, is triggering a revolutionary change in cancer immunotherapy. With its versatility and ease of use, CRISPR-Cas9 can be implemented to fuel the production of therapeutic immune cells, such as construction of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells and programmed cell death protein 1 knockout. Therefore, CRISPR-Cas9 technology holds great promise in cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we will introduce the origin, development and mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9. Also, we will focus on its various applications in cancer immunotherapy, especially CAR-T cell-based immunotherapy, and discuss the potential challenges it faces.

  • crispr-cas9
  • genome editing
  • car-t cells
  • cancer immunotherapy
  • gene therapy

https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105422

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    Footnotes

    • A-LX, Q-FH and J-CW contributed equally.

    • Contributors XJL conceived the idea. A-LX drafted the manuscript. Q-FH, J-CW, JZ and Y-QS contributed to performing the literature collection. BS and X-JL directed and approved the manuscript. All the authors gave the final approval of the manuscript submission.

    • Funding This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation (grant number: 81772596 to X-JL).

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent Not required.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.