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Original article
Intake levels of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids modify the association between the genetic variation in PCSK5 and HDL cholesterol
  1. Han Byul Jang1,
  2. Joo-Yeon Hwang2,
  3. Ji Eun Park1,
  4. Ji Hee Oh2,
  5. YounJhin Ahn1,2,
  6. Jae-Heon Kang3,
  7. Kyung-Hee Park4,
  8. Bok-Ghee Han2,
  9. Bong Jo Kim2,
  10. Sang Ick Park1,
  11. Hye-Ja Lee1
  1. 1Center for Biomedical Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
  2. 2Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
  3. 3Department of Family Medicine, Obesity Research Institute, Seoul-Paik Hospital, Inje University, Seoul, South Korea
  4. 4Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
  1. Correspondence to Sang Ick Park and Hye-Ja Lee, Center for Biomedical Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Choengwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-951, South Korea; parksi61{at}hotmail.com and hyejalee{at}yahoo.co.kr

Abstract

Background A low serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (PCSK5) modulates HDL-C metabolism through the inactivation of endothelial lipase activity.

Methods Therefore, we analysed the effects of PCSK5 on HDL-C and investigated the association between genetic variation in PCSK5 and dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intakes in Korean adults and children. This population-based study which was conducted in South Korea included 4205 adults (43% male) aged 40–69 years and 1548 children (48.6% boys) aged 8–13 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire in adults and modified 3-day food records in children.

Results After adjustments for age and body mass index, we identified a significant association between SNP rs1029035 of the PCSK5 gene and HDL-C concentrations specifically for men in both populations (adults, p=0.004; children, p=0.003; meta, p=7×10−4). Additionally, the interaction between the PCSK5 rs1029035 genotype and dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids intake influenced serum HDL-C concentrations in men (adults, p=0.001; children, p=0.008). The deleterious effect of the C allele on serum HDL-C was present only when dietary PUFA intake was less than the dichotomised median level (adults, p=0.011; children, p=0.001). Serum HDL-C concentrations were decreased in men with the C allele genotype and low consumption of dietary PUFA including n-3 and n-6.

Conclusion According to these results, men carrying of the C allele were associated with low HDL-C concentrations and might exert beneficial effects on HDL-C concentrations following consumption of a high-PUFA diet.

  • Genetic epidemiology
  • Nutrition and Metabolism
  • Complex traits

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