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Severe phenotype resulting from an active ring X chromosome in a female with a complex karyotype: characterisation and replication study.
  1. C Stavropoulou,
  2. C Mignon,
  3. B Delobel,
  4. A Moncla,
  5. D Depetris,
  6. M F Croquette,
  7. M G Mattei
  1. INSERM U491, Faculté de Médecine Timone, Marseille, France.

    Abstract

    We report on the characterisation of a complex chromosome rearrangement, 46,X,del(Xq)/47,X,del(Xq),+r(X), in a female newborn with multiple malformations. Cytogenetic and molecular methods showed that the del(Xq) contains the XIST locus and is non-randomly inactivated in all metaphases. The tiny r(X) chromosome gave a positive FISH signal with UBE1, ZXDA, and MSN cosmid probes, but not with a XIST cosmid probe. Moreover, it has an active status, as shown by a very short (three hour) terminal BrdU pulse followed by fluorescent anti-BrdU antibody staining. The normal X is of paternal origin and both rearranged chromosomes originate from the same maternal chromosome. We suggest that both abnormal chromosomes result from the three point breakage of a maternal isodicentric idic(X)(q21.1). Finally, the phenotype of our patient is compared to other published cases and, despite the absence of any 45,X clone, it appears very similar to those with a 45,X/46,X,r(X) karyotype where the tiny r(X) is active.

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