Hypodontia, congenitally missing teeth is more common in permanent than primary dentition. The present investigation reports the prevalence and pattern of hypodontia in the primary and permanent dentitions, excluding third molars in a sample of Saudi children. The sample consists of 1,300 children, aged 5 to 10 years of age. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed. The prevalence of children with hypodontia was found to be 2.6 percent. The mandibular second premolar was the tooth most frequently absent and account for 45 percent of the total missing teeth. In primary dentition, the maxillary lateral incisor was the tooth most frequently absent (9%). A peg-shaped permanent maxillary lateral incisor was present in 0.7 percent of the sample. Congenitally missing teeth were almost equally distributed between maxillary (52%) and mandibular (48%) arches.