Elastic system fibers consist of microfibrils and tropoelastin. During development, microfibrils act as a template on which tropoelastin is deposited. Microfibril-associated glycoprotein-1 (MAGP-1) and fibrillin-2, the major components of microfibrils, provide the likely template for tropoelastin deposition. In this study, we used the RNA interference (RNAi) technique to establish MAGP-1 and fibrillin-2 gene-specific knock-downs individually in elastin-producing cells (human gingival fibroblasts). We then examined the extracellular deposition of tropoelastin by western blotting. These two genes were specifically suppressed to < 30% of the control level, and this was responsible for the diminution of tropoelastin deposition. An immunofluorescence study also confirmed that RNAi-mediated down-regulation of MAGP-1 or fibrillin-2 led to the loss of tropoelastin immunoreactivity. These results suggest that MAGP-1 and fibrillin-2 are, directly or indirectly, associated with the extracellular deposition of tropoelastin during elastic fiber formation in human gingival fibroblasts in vitro.