Identification of Mutations in the Repeated Part of the Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Type 1 Gene, PKD1, by Long-Range PCR

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Summary

We have used long-range PCR to identify mutations in the duplicated part of the PKD1 gene. By means of a PKD1-specific primer in intron 1, an ∼13.6-kb PCR product that includes exons 2–15 of the PKD1 gene has been used to search for mutations, by direct sequence analysis. This region contains the majority of the predicted extracellular domains of the PKD1-gene product, polycystin, including the 16 novel PKD domains that have similarity to immunoglobulin-like domains found in many cell-adhesion molecules and cell-surface receptors. Direct sequence analysis of exons encoding all the 16 PKD domains was performed on PCR products from a group of 24 unrelated patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD [MIM 173900]]). Seven novel mutations were found in a screening of 42% of the PKD1-coding region in each patient, representing a 29% detection rate; these mutations included two deletions (one of 3 kb and the other of 28 bp), one single-base insertion, and four nucleotide substitutions (one splice site, one nonsense, and two missense). Five of these mutations would be predicted to cause a prematurely truncated protein. Two coding and 18 silent polymorphisms were also found. When, for the PKD1 gene, this method is coupled with existing mutation-detection methods, virtually the whole of this large, complex gene can now be screened for mutations.

Polycystic kidney disease
PKD1
Mutation(s)
Long-range PCR
Polycystic kidney disease, domain

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