Elsevier

Genomics

Volume 68, Issue 3, 15 September 2000, Pages 330-335
Genomics

Regular Article
The Novel Gene, γ2-COP (COPG2), in the 7q32 Imprinted Domain Escapes Genomic Imprinting

https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.2000.6265Get rights and content

Abstract

The gene MEST (or PEG1) on chromosome 7q32 is paternally expressed in human fetal tissues as a result of genomic imprinting. Since some imprinted genes are clustered, we speculated that an imprinted gene cluster might exist at 7q32. We have sought to isolate additional human genes close to MEST and to characterize their allelic expression patterns. Here, we report the biallelic expression of the gene, γ2-COP (coatomer protein complex, subunit γ 2, HUGO-approved symbol COPG2), and monoallelic expression of the transcript, CIT1, which is located in intron 20 of γ2-COP. Recently, γ2-COP was reported to be a novel imprinted gene that overlaps the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of MEST in a tail-to-tail orientation. However, our results revealed biallelic expression in all fetal tissues and adult blood lymphocytes. On the other hand, CIT1 was an antisense transcript of γ2-COP intron 20 and was expressed from the paternal allele in all fetal tissues examined. Adult blood lymphocytes showed biallelic expression. We identified additional MEST 3′-UTR sequence, which overlaps the last four exons and introns of γ2-COP. This additional MEST 3′-UTR may complicate analysis of γ2-COP imprinting. Our data indicate that the region containing MEST at 7q32 is an imprinted domain, but γ2-COP adjacent to MEST escapes genomic imprinting.

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Cited by (33)

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    First and foremost, APeg3 is the only imprinted antisense transcript expressed from the same (paternal) allele as its sense counterpart. Similar antisense ncRNA counterparts to imprinted genes, such as anti-Rtl1 and Copg2-AS, are selectively expressed from the opposite allele as the sense genes (Ferguson-Smith, 2011; Yamasaki et al., 2000). Secondly, the size of APeg3 is relatively small, 1.5 kb in length, whereas the size of the other imprinted non-coding genes range up to several hundreds of kb in length (Glasgow et al., 2005; Koerner et al., 2009).

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    It is transcribed in an opposite orientation relative to MEST, and the 3′-UTRs of the two genes overlap. The antisense transcript originating from intron 20 of this gene COPG2IT1 (COPG2 intronic transcript 1) is paternally expressed in fetal tissues (Yamasaki et al., 2000). In mouse, the corresponding Copg2 and Copg2as2 (Mit1⧸Lb9) genes show reciprocally imprinted expression from maternal and paternal alleles, respectively (Lee et al., 2000).

  • An imprinted PEG1/MEST antisense expressed predominantly in human testis and in mature spermatozoa

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    Conflicting reports concerning the imprinted status of COPG2 might be explained by the partial overlap of the two adjacent genes (24). To add further complexity to this region, C1T1, an antisense ofCOPG2, originates from intron 20 of COPG2 and is imprinted and paternally expressed in both human and mouse (24,25). Our report focuses on transcripts expressed from the 5′ region of thePEG1 exon 1 that lies 112 kb upstream from the overlapping region and, therefore, are not likely to be associated with theCOPG2 transcription unit.

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