Table 3

Novel classification of oral–facial–digital (OFD) syndrome based on associated clinical feature and molecular basis. MTS, molar tooth sign.

OFD subtypeClinical dataGenes
OFDIPolycystic kidney disease, corpus callosum agenesis OFD1
OFDIVTibial dysplasia TCTN3
OFDVIMolar tooth sign TMEM216, TMEM231, TMEM138,
C5orf42, TMEM107, KIAA0753
Classification based on the genotype for other patientsMedian cleft of the upper lip DDX59, NEK1
Cardiac defects INTU, WDPCP
Retinopathy SCLT1, TBC1D32/C7orf170
Severe microcephaly C2CD3
Chondrodysplasia IFT57