Table 3

Relation between bone phenotypes and ESR1 alleles in the whole study population

Characteristic	ESR1 polymorphism			ESR1 haplotype
Characteristic	TA repeat	*PvuII*	*XbaI*	px	*L-p-x*
Values presented are p values obtained from analysis of variance for crude data and analysis of covariance for the adjusted data. Lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) values were adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), menopausal status, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use. Change in BMD values are presented as per cent per year and were adjusted for age, BMI, change in BMI, baseline BMD, menopausal status, and HRT use. Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS) values were adjusted for age, BMI, BMD, menopausal status, and HRT use.
FN, femoral neck; LS, lumbar spine.
Baseline LS BMD
Crude	0.44	0.97	0.79	0.91	0.62
Adjusted	0.47	0.98	0.73	0.99	0.71
Baseline FN BMD
Crude	0.90	0.77	0.82	0.71	1.00
Adjusted	0.92	0.88	0.77	0.75	0.88
Changes in LS BMD
Crude	0.82	0.17	0.72	0.36	0.62
Adjusted	0.96	0.48	0.97	0.74	0.76
Changes in FN BMD
Crude	0.37	0.59	0.69	0.31	0.09
Adjusted	0.34	0.27	0.48	0.15	0.06
Calcaneal BUA
Crude	0.37	0.004	0.58	0.003	0.002
Adjusted	0.42	0.009	0.66	0.010	0.008
Calcaneal SOS
Crude	0.45	0.08	0.99	0.07	0.012
Adjusted	0.57	0.14	0.95	0.14	0.023