Clinical characteristics of subjects with definite and probable Parkinson’s disease in 199 European and American families
| Country | Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE | FR | IT | NL | UK | US | ||
| *Hoehn and Yahr score for severity of handicap (Hoehn and Yahr, 1967): +off means after having interrupted L-dopa treatment from the evening before evaluation; ++on means with L-dopa treatment. | |||||||
| *p<0.01, **p<0.001 for between country comparisons. | |||||||
| DE, Germany; FR, France; IT, Italy; NA, not assigned; NL, Netherlands; UK, United Kingdom; UPDRS, united Parkinson’s disease rating scale, motor subscore (Fahn and Elton, 1987). | |||||||
| Pedigrees (n) | 30 | 72 | 28 | 26 | 32 | 11 | 199 |
| Parkinson’s disease relatives (n) | 70 | 181 | 63 | 58 | 77 | 22 | 471 |
| Definite/probable/possible cases (n) | 67/2/1 | 158/9/14 | 55/6/2 | 55/3/0 | 76/0/1 | 23/7/2 | 424/27/20 |
| Non-Parkinson’s disease siblings examined (n) | 39 | 77 | 24 | 46 | 63 | 0 | 249 |
| Age at examination, number of cases | 62 | 162 | 56 | 56 | 67 | 20 | 424 |
| Mean (SD) (years) | 70.4 (8.5) | 67.5 (10.8) | 69.4 (8.4) | 67.7 (9.2) | 68.1 (8.5) | 71.9 (11.0) | 68.5 (9.7) |
| Range (years) | 45 to 87 | 32 to 86 | 50 to 86 | 50 to 89 | 48 to 86 | 46 to 87 | 32 to 89 |
| Age of onset, number of cases | 61 | 160 | 56 | 56 | 67 | 18 | 416 |
| Mean (SD) (years) | 56.7 (10.3) | 57.5 (12.2) | 59.7 (9.1) | 59.3 (9.5) | 57.7 (10.3) | 60.1(11.8) | 58.4 (11.0) |
| Range (years) | 34 to 77 | 24 to 80 | 38 to 84 | 40 to 84 | 31 to 80 | 38 to 80 | 24 to 84 |
| UPDRS +off, number of cases | 10 | 49 | 12 | £NA | 18 | 2 | 91 |
| Mean (SD) score | 48.6 (16.2) | 31.8 (18.5) | 46.2 (24.4) | 64.3 (18.4) | 55 (75) | 44.2** (23.3) | |
| UPDRS ++on, number of cases | 28 | 119 | 44 | 56 | 44 | 7 | 298 |
| Mean (SD) score | 27.1 (12.6) | 23.3 (14.6) | 34.0 (16.1) | 24.4 (6.9) | 43.1 (21.6) | 35.4 (21.6) | 28.7** (16.5) |
| Hoehn & Yahr* off, number of cases | NA | 49 | 3 | NA | NA | NA | 52 |
| Mean (SD) score | 2.8 (1.3) | 2.5 (0.5) | 2.7 (1.2) | ||||
| Hoehn & Yahr* on, number of cases | NA | 126 | 54 | 56 | NA | NA | 236 |
| Mean (SD) score | 2.4 (0.99) | 2.98 (0.96) | 2.5 (0.8) | NA | 2.5 (0.97) | ||
| Parkinsonian triad | |||||||
| Tremor at rest (n) | 43/61 | 125/161 | 44/57 | 50/56 | 62/67 | 11/19 | 80%* (335/421) |
| Rigidity (n) | 52/61 | 153/162 | 57/57 | 55/56 | 60/67 | 15/18 | 93%* (392/421) |
| Bradykinesia (n) | 58/61 | 161/162 | 57/57 | 52/56 | 67/67 | 17/17 | 98%* (412/420) |
| Dose of L-dopa, number of cases | 58 | 154 | 52 | 51 | 67 | 16 | 398 |
| Mean (SD) dose (mg) | 507 (263) | 476 (231) | 636 (358) | 406 (196) | 771 (518) | 382 (470) | 538** (347) |