Heritability estimates for myopia from twin studies
| Study | Heritability | No of twin pairs | Age | Calculation | Comments | |||||||||
| Sorsby et al 50 | h2 = 0.87 | MZ = 78 | 4–14 | h2 | = | rmz- rdz | Calculation of heritability by Gosset al 21 | |||||||
| DZ = 40 (ls) | 1 - rdz | |||||||||||||
| Nakajima51 | h2 = 0.83 | MZ = 39 | 12–17 | h2 | = | ΔDZ- ΔMZ | Same subject group and calculation in 2 studies. Only used part of sample for analysis | |||||||
| Nakajimaet al 46 | h2 = 0.73 | DZ = 10 (ls) | ΔDZ | |||||||||||
| Kimura52 | h2 = 0.80 | MZ = 33 | 15–20 | h2 | = | ΔDZ- ΔMZ | ||||||||
| DZ = 16 (nls) | ΔDZ | |||||||||||||
| Hu53 | h2 = 0.61 | MZ = 49 | 7–19 | h2 | = | rmz- rdz | ||||||||
| DZ = 37 (nls) | 1 - rdz | |||||||||||||
| Lin and Chen54 | h2 = 0.25 | MZ = 90 | 7–23 | h2 | = | 2(rMZ- rDZ) | ||||||||
| DZ = 36 (ls) | ||||||||||||||
| Teikariet al 55 | h2 = 0.58 | MZ = 54 | 30–31 | h2 | = | 2(rMZ- rDZ) | ||||||||
| DZ = 55 (ls) | ||||||||||||||
| Angiet al 56 | h2 = 0.11 | MZ = 19 | 3–7 | h2 | = | 2(rMZ- rDZ) | Unusually high prevalence of form deprivation myopia | |||||||
| DZ = 20 (ls) | ||||||||||||||
h2 = heritability, MZ = monozygotic, DZ = dizygotic, ls = like sexed, nls = non-like sexed, rmz = correlation coefficient of MZ twins, rdz = correlation coefficient of DZ twins, rMZ = intrapair correlation coefficient in MZ twins (correlation in liability), rDZ = intrapair correlation coefficient in DZ twins, ΔDZ and ΔMZ not defined by the authors.