Plasma levels of interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 in schizophrenia, other psychoses, and affective disorders

https://doi.org/10.1016/0920-9964(94)90081-7Get rights and content

Abstract

Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 were measured in 60 acutely hospitalized psychiatric patients and in 60 healthy controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Almost no IL-6 was detected in the plasma of the patients or controls. The mean level of IL-1β was found to be significantly higher in schizophrenic patients than in their corresponding controls (P=0.03). The acute schizophrenics, but not the group of chronic schizophrenics, contributed to this increase. No correlation with age, duration of illness or overt psychopathology was found. The neuroleptic medication did not prove to have a significant effect on the plasma IL-1β levels. There was no difference between non-psychotic affective disorder patients (N = 17) and the controls.

References (28)

  • R. Ganguli et al.

    Increased serum interleukin-2 receptor concentration in schizophrenic and brain-damage subjects

    Arch. Gen. Psychiatry

    (1989)
  • R. Ganguli et al.

    Alternation in interleukins and in T lymphocyte subsets in a subgroup of schizophrenics

    Biol. Psychiatry

    (1991)
  • D. Giulian et al.

    Interleukin-1 is an astroglial growth factor in the developing brain

    J. Neurosci.

    (1988)
  • Y. Huang et al.

    Correlation of T and B cell activities in vitro and serum IL-2 levels in systemic lupus erythematosus

    J. Immunol.

    (1988)
  • Cited by (95)

    • Minocycline adjunctive treatment to risperidone for negative symptoms in schizophrenia: Association with pro-inflammatory cytokine levels

      2018, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
      Citation Excerpt :

      Furthermore, these three pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy volunteers. The improvements of negative symptoms being positively correlated with reduced IL-1β and IL-6 serum levels are consistent with other studies (including 3 meta-analysis reports) of pro-inflammatory cytokines serum levels in schizophrenia (Miller et al., 2011; Theodoropoulou et al., 2001; Katila et al., 1994; Potvin et al., 2008; Goldsmith et al., 2016; Meyer et al., 2011; Hein et al., 2010; Hinwood et al., 2012; Wohleb et al., 2011). Furthermore, other cytokines like our finding with TNF-α (and other studies with IL-12, IFN-γ, and sIL-2R) do not normalize following antipsychotic or minocycline treatment (Potvin et al., 2008; Bradley, 2008; Drexhage et al., 2011).

    • Increased serum levels and promoter polymorphisms of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in schizophrenia

      2018, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
      Citation Excerpt :

      However, it remains unclear which genetic and environmental abnormalities are essential in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In recent decades, cytokine imbalances have been consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia (Avgustin et al., 2005; Katila et al., 1994; Monji et al., 2009; Muller et al., 1999; Potvin et al., 2008; Schmitt et al., 2005; Schwarz et al., 2001; Watanabe et al., 2010). Cytokines are active in infection and inflammation, and mediate cross-talk between the brain and immune system (Rothwell, 1999).

    • Effects of interleukin-1beta polymorphisms on brain function and behavior in healthy and psychiatric disease conditions

      2017, Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews
      Citation Excerpt :

      A clinical study reported that patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher plasma levels of IL1B than their corresponding controls did. However, no correlations between plasma levels of IL1B and age, duration of illness, or overt psychopathology were observed [60]. By contrast, another study revealed that the IL1B levels in the CSF and serum of patients with schizophrenia were significantly lower than those of control individuals [61].

    View all citing articles on Scopus
    View full text