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New disease loci
Short report
Autosomal recessive chondrodysplasia with severe short stature caused by a biallelic COL10A1 variant
  1. Noor ul Ain1,
  2. Outi Makitie2,3,4,
  3. Sadaf Naz1
  1. 1 School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
  2. 2 Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
  3. 3 Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
  4. 4 Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
  1. Correspondence to Dr Sadaf Naz, School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; naz.sbs{at}pu.edu.pk

Abstract

Background Heterozygous mutations in COL10A1 underlie metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Schmid type (MCDS), an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia.

Objective To identify the causative variant in a large consanguineous Pakistani family with severe skeletal dysplasia and marked lower limb deformity.

Methods Whole exome sequencing was completed followed by Sanger sequencing to verify segregation of the identified variants. In silico variant pathogenicity predictions and amino acid conservation analyses were performed.

Results A homozygous c.133 C>T (p.Pro45Ser) variant was identified in COL10A1 in all six severely affected individuals (adult heights 119–130 cm, mean ~−6.33 SD). The individuals heterozygous for the variant had mild phenotype of short stature (adult heights 140–162 cm, mean ~−2.15 SD) but no apparent skeletal deformities. The variant was predicted to be pathogenic by in silico prediction tools and was absent from public databases and hundred control chromosomes. Pro45 is conserved in orthologues and is located in the non-collagenous 2 domain of COL10A1, variants of which have never been associated with skeletal dysplasia.

Conclusions This first report of individuals with a homozygous variant in COL10A1 defines a new type of autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia. The observations in COL10A1 variant carriers suggest a phenotypic overlap between the mildest forms of MCDS and idiopathic short stature.

  • Metaphysealchondrodysplasia
  • Schmid type
  • MCDS
  • SMCD
  • COL10A1
  • Collagen
  • Pakistan
  • Skeletal Dysplasia
  • Short stature

https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104885

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors SN designed and supervised the study. NA and SN conducted experiments and analysed data. OM reviewed clinical data and offered diagnosis. NA, OM and SN wrote the manuscript.

    • Funding This research was funded by Koshish Foundation, USA (SN).

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent Detail has been removed from this case description/these case descriptions to ensure anonymity. The editors and reviewers have seen the detailed information available and are satisfied that the information backs up the case the authors are making.

    • Ethics approval University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan (IRB00005281).

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data sharing statement VCF files of exome data can be made available to researchers upon request.