You are here

  • Home
  • Archive
  • Volume 43, Issue 1
  • Comprehensive analysis of CDKN2A (p16INK4A/p14ARF) and CDKN2B genes in 53 melanoma index cases considered to be at heightened risk of melanoma

Article Text

Article menu
Download PDFPDF
Original article
Comprehensive analysis of CDKN2A (p16INK4A/p14ARF) and CDKN2B genes in 53 melanoma index cases considered to be at heightened risk of melanoma
  1. K Laud1,
  2. C Marian1,
  3. M F Avril2,
  4. M Barrois1,
  5. A Chompret3,
  6. A M Goldstein4,
  7. M A Tucker4,
  8. P A Clark5,
  9. G Peters5,
  10. V Chaudru6,
  11. F Demenais6,
  12. A Spatz7,
  13. M W Smith8,
  14. G M Lenoir1,
  15. B Bressac-de Paillerets1,
  16. French Hereditary Melanoma Study Group*
  1. 1Service de Génétique, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France
  2. 2Service de Dermatologie, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France
  3. 3Département de Médecine, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France
  4. 4Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer, Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
  5. 5Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratories, London, WC2A 3PX, UK
  6. 6INSERM-Université d’Evry, EMI0006, 91034 Evry, France
  7. 7Service d’Anatomopathologie, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France
  8. 8Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, Center for Cancer Research and Basic Research Program, SAIC Frederick, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, NIH, DHHS, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
  1. Correspondence to:
 Dr B Bressac-de Paillerets
 Service de Génétique, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39 rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France; bressac{at}igr.fr

Abstract

Objective: Comprehensive analysis of the 9p21 locus including the CDKN2A, ARF, and CDKN2B genes in 53 individuals from melanoma index cases considered to be at heightened risk of melanoma.

Methods and Results: Using a combination of DNA sequencing, gene copy number by real time quantitative PCR, linkage analysis, and transcript analysis in haploid somatic cell hybrids, we found no evidence for germline alteration in either coding or non-coding domains of CDKN2A and CDKN2B. However, we identified a p14ARF exon 1β missense germline mutation (G16D) in a melanoma-neural system tumour syndrome (CMM+NST) family and a 8474 bp germline deletion from 196 bp upstream of p14ARF exon 1β initiation codon to 11233 bp upstream of exon 1α of p16INK4A in a family with five melanoma cases. For three out of 10 families with at least three melanoma cases, the disease gene was unlinked to the 9p21 region, while linkage analysis was not fully conclusive for seven families.

Conclusions: These data reinforce the hypothesis that ARF is a melanoma susceptibility gene and suggest that germline deletions specifically affecting p14ARF may not be solely responsible for NST susceptibility. Predisposition to CMM+NST could either be due to complete disruption of the CDKN2A locus or be the result of more complex genetic inheritance. In addition, the absence of any genetic alteration in 50 melanoma prone families or patients suggests the presence of additional tumour suppressor genes possibly in the 9p21 region, and on other chromosomes.

  • CMM, cutaneous malignant melanoma
  • CMM+NST, melanoma-neural system tumour syndrome
  • dHPLC, denaturing high performance liquid chromatography
  • LFS, Li-Fraumeni syndrome
  • MPM, multiple primary melanoma
  • RQ-PCR, real time quantitative PCR
  • ARF mutations
  • genetic predisposition
  • melanoma prone families

https://doi.org/10.1136/jmg.2005.033498

Statistics from Altmetric.com

    Request Permissions

    If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Center’s RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.

    View Full Text

    Footnotes

    • ↵* The following French Hereditary Melanoma Study Group members participated in this study: Valérie Arigon, Bertrand Bachollet, Françoise Boitier, Jean Pierre Cesarini, Liliane Demange, Nicolas Janin, Pascal Joly, and Michel Longy

    • Published Online First 3 June 2005

    • This work was supported by a grant from the Association pour la Recherche contre le Cancer (ARC), Subvention libre 1998, a Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique (PHRC) Regional 2001 (AOR 01 091). KL is a recipient of a postdoctoral fellowship from Institut Gustave Roussy (CRC 2001). CM was a recipient of a Marie Curie fellowship (contract QLGA-1999-50406)

    • Competing interests: none declared

    • Note added in proof: After submission of this manuscript, the results of a new mutation scanning by direct sequencing were obtained for all familial cases from group A (n = 14) except for family FG7617 carrying the deletion. We detected a CDKN2A germline mutation for index case no. 1772, c.104G>T, p.Gly35Val