New surfactant protein C gene mutations associated with diffuse lung disease

Loïc Guillot ¹, Ralph Epaud ², Guillaume Thouvenin ¹, Laurence Jonard ³, Amira Mohsni ³, Remy Couderc ³, François Counil ⁴, Jacques de Blic ⁵, Rola Abou Taam ⁵, Muriel Le Bourgeois ⁵, Philippe Reix ⁶, Florence Flamein ¹, Annick Clement ² and Delphine Feldmann ^3*

¹ INSERM UMR_S U938, Paris, France
² AP-HP, Hôpital Armad Trousseau, Pediatric Pulmonary Department, Paris, France
³ AP-HP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Biochemistry Department, Paris, France
⁴ Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
⁵ Université Paris Descartes, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Pediatric Pneumology-allergology, France
⁶ Groupement Hospitalier Est, Pediatric Pneumology-Allergology Department, Lyon, France

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: delphine.feldmann{at}trs.aphp.fr.

Accepted 13 April 2009

Abstract

Mutations in the surfactant protein C gene (SFTPC) have been recently associated with the development of diffuse lung disease, particularly sporadic and familial interstitial lung disease (ILD). We have investigated the prevalence and the spectrum of SFTPC mutations in a large cohort of infants and children with diffuse lung disease and suspected with surfactant dysfunction. One hundred twenty-one children were first screened for the common SFTPC mutation, p.Ile73Thr (I73T). Ten unrelated patients were shown to carry this mutation. The I73T mutation was inherited in 6 cases, and appeared de novo in 4. The 111 patients without the I73T mutation were screened for the entire coding sequence of SFTPC. Of these, eight (seven unrelated) subjects were shown to carry a novel mutant allele of SFTPC. All these seven new mutations are located in the BRICHOS domain except the p.Val39Ala (V39A) mutation, which is in the surfactant protein C (SP-C) mature peptide. Our results confirm that SFTPC mutations are a frequent cause of diffuse lung disease, and that I73T is the most frequent SFTPC mutation associated with diffuse lung disease.