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Investigation of crystallin genes in familial cataract, and report of two disease associated mutations

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Aims: Mutations of seven crystallin genes have been shown to cause familial cataract. The authors aimed to identify disease causing crystallin mutations in paediatric cataract families from south eastern Australia.

Methods: 38 families with autosomal dominant or recessive paediatric cataract were examined. Three large families were studied by linkage analysis. Candidate genes at regions providing significant LOD scores were sequenced. Single stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was used to screen five crystallin genes in the probands, followed by direct sequencing of observed electrophoretic shifts. Mutations predicted to affect the coding sequence were subsequently investigated in the entire pedigree.

Results: A LOD score of 3.72 was obtained at the -crystallin locus in one pedigree. Sequencing revealed a P23T mutation of CRYGD, found to segregate with disease. A splice site mutation at the first base of intron 3 of the CRYBA1/A3 gene segregating with disease was identified by SSCP in another . . . [Full text of this article]