ORIGINAL ARTICLE

A common variant of CDKN2A (p16) predisposes to breast cancer

T Dbniak¹, B Górski¹, T Huzarski¹, T Byrski¹, C Cybulski¹, A Mackiewicz³, S Gozdecka-Grodecka³, J Gronwald¹, E Kowalska¹, O Haus⁴, E Grzybowska⁵, M Stawicka⁶, M Swiec⁷, K Urbaski⁸, S Niepsuj⁹, B Wako¹⁰, S Gód¹¹, P Wandzel¹², C Szczylik¹³, D Surdyka¹⁴, A Rozmiarek¹⁵, O Zambrano¹⁶, M Posmyk¹⁷, S A Narod², J Lubinski¹

¹ Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Centre, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
² Centre for Research in Womens’ Health, University of Toronto, Canada
³ Department of Cancer Immunology, Pozna, Poland
⁴ Department of Clinical Genetics, Bydgoszcz, Poland
⁵ Department of Tumour Biology Maria Skodowska-Curie Institute, Gliwice, Poland
⁶ Prophylactic and Epidemiology Centre, Poznan, Poland
⁷ Regional Oncology Hospital, Opole, Poland
⁸ Regional Oncology Centre, Kraków, Poland
⁹ Regional Oncology Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
¹⁰ Regional Hospital, Rzeszów, Poland
¹¹ Holycross Oncology Centre, Kielce, Poland
¹² Regional Hospital, Bielsko-Biaa, Poland
¹³ Military Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
¹⁴ Regional Hospital, Lublin, Poland
¹⁵ Regional Oncology Hospital, Zielona Góra, Poland
¹⁶ Regional Hospital, ód, Poland
¹⁷ Regional Oncology Hospital, Biaystok, Poland

Correspondence to:
Dr Steven Narod
Centre for Research in Women’s Health, 790 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada; steven.narod{at}sw.ca

Background: A common missense variant of the CDKN2A gene (A148T) predisposes to malignant melanoma in Poland. An association between malignant melanoma and breast cancer has been reported in several families with CDKN2A mutations,

Objective: To determine whether this variant also predisposes to breast cancer.

Methods: Genotyping was undertaken in 4209 cases of breast cancer, unselected for family history, from 18 hospitals throughout Poland and in 3000 controls.

Results: The odds ratio (OR) associated with the CDKN2A allele for women diagnosed with breast cancer before the age of 50 was 1.5 (p = 0.002) and after age 50 it was 1.3 (p = 0.2). The effect was particularly strong for patients diagnosed at or before the age of 30 (OR = 3.8; p = 0.0002).

Conclusions: CDKN2A appears to be a low penetrance breast cancer susceptibility gene in Poland. The association should be confirmed in other populations.

Keywords: CDKN2A; p16; breast cancer

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